The most enduring symbol of independence in Texas, the Alamo's 1744 church, is part of the remains of the mission complex established by the Franciscans as Mission San Antonio de Valero in 1718. The mission was named Alamo, meaning "cottonwood tree," by Spanish troops garrisoned there during the Mexican struggle for independence from Spain. In 1836 it was the site of the famous battle in defense of the Texas Revolution when Mexican President Santa Anna's army annihilated approximately 190 men after a 13-day siege. The sacrifice of men such as William Travis, the commander of the garrison, James Bowie, and David Crockett, inspired General Sam Houston's army six weeks later at the decisive battle of San Jacinto, which established Texas' independence.